Functional Fixedness

The idea of  Functional Fixedness developed during the period of Gestalt Psychology. Functional Fixedness occurs when a person is not able to see innovative ways of using an item or concept. For example, paper clips are not just useful for binding paper together. They may also be used to pick locks or even create jewelry. Objects are not “fixed” in their functions, but people sometimes get stuck in a fixed mindset and have trouble developing innovative ways of using the objects.

Functional Fixedness can hinder one’s ability to solve problems. Solutions to problems are not always clear. It is often necessary to think “outside of the box”. Functional Fixedness prevents people from coming up with new ways of using familiar objects so that they can solve problems that may come up.

Children are not as fixed when it comes to using items in new ways especially those 5 years and younger. Children tend to become more functionally fixed as they age because they are constantly being corrected by adults. For example, kids are taught that the wall is not a canvas for art. They now see the wall as having one function. 

There is no way to completely eliminate Functional Fixedness. However, it can be somewhat combated by practicing creative thinking. Creative thinkingallows one to see outside of the categories that they have created. 

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